Mburu AW , Githinji D N, Musiemba F , Nzila C, Oyondi E N
Color is the most obvious contaminant to be noticed in textile dye wastewater. A numbers of methods and materials have been used in textile dye effluent treatments. Generally, the chemical approaches are mostly utilized by employing coagulation and ?occulation mechanisms. The efficiency of dye removal depends on the type of dye, pH, coagulant type and dosage. The amount of the unfixed dyes lost into effluent is variable with reactive dyes reported to be highest, ranging from 20-50%.
A comparative study was therefore conducted to optimize treatment of Reactive Super Black dye effluent from a textile factory using Alum, Polyferrous Sulphate (PFS) and Polyalluminium Ferric Chloride (PaFC) coagulants at varied pH and dosages. Treatment efficiency was assessed by analysis of total dissolved solids, conductivity, salinity, COD, colour concentrations, turbidity and quantities of sludge generated.
It was found that Alum clarified the dye waste water at pH 6,7 and 10, Polyferrous Sulphate at pH 6-8 and Polyalluminium Ferric Chloride at pH 4- 8. Treatment of the effluent at the optimized pH ranges showed that Alum clarified the dye at 120 g/L and PFS at 80 mg/L. Gradual addition Polyalluminium Ferric Chloride from 140-280 mg/L however gave insignificant clarification of the dye. On the other hand, Polyalluminium Ferric Chloride gave the lowest values of TDS, conductivity, salinity and sludge generation compared to PFS and Alum whose results were relatively similar. Therefore, while Polyalluminium Ferric Chloride indicated to be the best coagulant for the reactive super black dye waste water coagulation by the chemical parameters analysed, it performed poorly in terms clarification of the dye both from visual observation and UV-Vis Spectrophotometer analysis results.
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