प्रायोगिक जीवविज्ञान के यूरोपीय जर्नल खुला एक्सेस

अमूर्त

The comparison of the aggression of young and adult athletes in individual or team sports

Samira Mashhoodi, Pouneh Mokhtari and Hamidreza Tajik

This research aims to study and compare aggression between the male and female, young and adult athletes competing in four different sports including volleyball, football, judo, and wushu. The members of the sample taken from the statistic population have received the aggression questionnaire of Bredemeier, in which three subscales of aggression including instrumental, hostile, and general have been introduced. They had to answer 30 questions with a 4-point scale to compare aggression of male and female athletes in two age group of young and adult. The reliability of the questionnaire has been equal to 0.86 based on Cronbach's alpha. After describing data statistically, the results of multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) at the alpha level of 0.05 percent show that there is a significant difference between the aggressive behavior of the young athletes and that of adult athletes, in such a form that the young athletes, whether male or female, have been more aggressive that adult athletes did. The comparison of the aggressive behaviors of male and female athletes shows that male athletes are more aggressive than female athletes are. However, there is no difference between the aggression exhibited by both male and female adult athletes.